What does defamation refer to in terms of a person's reputation?

Defamation is specifically concerned with the act of harming a person's reputation by making false statements about them. The correct choice identifies this core principle—injuring a person's good name or reputation through slander (spoken) or libel (written). Defamation can lead to significant damage in terms of personal relationships and professional opportunities, as a tarnished reputation can create long-lasting effects on an individual's life.

When someone claims defamation, they typically must prove that the statement made about them was false, that it was made to a third party, and that it caused harm. Understanding this concept is crucial in both legal and workplace contexts, as it highlights the importance of preserving individuals' reputations while communicating about them. This knowledge helps navigate situations involving potential defamation claims effectively.